Did You Know Xylitol is Harmful to Dogs? Here is What You Need to Know

Xylitol, a common sugar substitute, is found in many everyday products. While it may be a safer option for humans looking to reduce sugar intake, xylitol is highly toxic to dogs and can be dangerous to their health and well-being. At Kryder + Harr Veterinary Clinic, our team wants all pet owners to be aware of this common food ingredient to help protect all dogs from this potential hazard. This blog will guide you through everything you need to know about xylitol and dogs to keep your canine companion safe and healthy.

What is Xylitol, and Where is it Found?

Xylitol, sometimes labeled as birch sugar, is a naturally occurring alcohol found in many fruits and vegetables. It’s commonly used as a sugar substitute in various human food products because it has fewer calories and doesn’t raise blood sugar levels in humans. You can find xylitol in sugar-free gum, candies, baked goods, toothpaste, and even some peanut butter brands. As more products incorporate xylitol, the risk of accidental ingestion by dogs increases.

Why is Xylitol Increasing in Popularity and Use?

Xylitol has gained significant popularity in recent years, primarily due to its unique properties and health benefits for humans. As awareness of sugar-related health issues grows, more people are turning to sugar substitutes like xylitol, driving its increased presence in everyday products.

Health Benefits for Humans

Xylitol is becoming more popular due to its ability to help with weight management and dental health. Xylitol contains fewer calories than regular sugar, meaning it is a suitable sweetener for people with diabetes or those looking to maintain stable blood sugar values. It also has dental health benefits, like reducing the risk of cavities and preventing the growth of harmful bacteria in the mouth. This has led to its inclusion in many dental care products, such as toothpaste and mouthwash. We recommend keeping products potentially containing xylitol out of your dog’s reach. 

Common Household Products Containing Xylitol

To protect your dog, be aware of the types of products that may contain xylitol. Here’s a breakdown of some common items:

• Sugar-Free Gum: Often one of the highest sources of xylitol.
• Mints and Candies: Particularly those labeled as sugar-free.
• Peanut Butter: Some brands use xylitol as a sweetener, which can be dangerous if used as a treat.
• Baked Goods: Low-calorie or sugar-free recipes might include xylitol as a sugar alternative.
• Oral Care Products: Toothpaste and mouthwash can contain xylitol, making them hazardous if ingested by dogs.

Why is Xylitol Dangerous to Dogs?

While xylitol is safe for human consumption, it has a drastically different effect on dogs. Even a small amount can lead to severe health complications. When a dog consumes xylitol, it is rapidly absorbed into their bloodstream, causing a significant release of insulin. This sudden surge of insulin can lead to a dangerous drop in blood sugar levels, a condition known as hypoglycemia. If left untreated, hypoglycemia can cause seizures, liver failure, and even death.

Symptoms of Xylitol Poisoning in Dogs

Xylitol poisoning symptoms can appear as quickly as 10 to 30 minutes after ingestion. Here are some signs to watch for:

• Vomiting
• Weakness and Lethargy
• Coordination Problems
• In extreme cases and if left untreated, a coma

What Should I Do If My Dog Eats Something Containing Xylitol?

Time is of the essence when dealing with potential xylitol poisoning. If you believe your dog has ingested xylitol, follow these steps:

1. Contact Your Veterinarian Immediately: Call Kryder + Harr Veterinary Clinic at (574) 277-6533 or your nearest emergency vet for guidance. They can guide you on the next steps.
2. Avoid Inducing Vomiting: Unless specifically directed by your veterinarian, do not try to induce vomiting, as it may cause more harm.
3. Monitor Your Dog Closely: Keep a close eye on your dog for any symptoms of hypoglycemia or distress while on the way to the vet.

Treating Xylitol Poisoning

Once you arrive at the veterinary clinic, the team will likely perform blood tests to check your dog’s blood sugar levels and liver function. Depending on the severity, your dog may require intravenous fluids, glucose supplementation, or other treatments to stabilize their condition.

Long-Term Effects of Xylitol Poisoning

Surviving xylitol poisoning can leave a lasting impact on your dog’s health, depending on how much was ingested and how quickly treatment was administered. Dogs that recover from hypoglycemia may experience prolonged effects, including:

• Liver Damage: Xylitol can cause acute liver failure, which may require long-term management.
• Recurrent Hypoglycemia: Some dogs may suffer from repeated episodes, needing regular blood sugar monitoring.
• Neurological Issues: Seizures and other neurological symptoms can persist, impacting your dog’s quality of life.

Protecting Your Dog from Xylitol Exposure

Prevention is the best approach to safeguard your dog from the dangers of xylitol. To prevent future incidents: 

• Carefully read labels on all food and household products. 
• Store items containing xylitol or birch sugar out of your dog’s reach. 
• Educate your family and friends about the dangers of xylitol and dogs.
• Provide alternatives such as natural peanut butter (xylitol free) or fruit such as apples and carrots. 

Xylitol is a serious threat to your dog’s health, but with knowledge and precaution, you can help protect your pet from this problematic ingredient. If you have any concerns or questions about your dog’s health, call Kryder + Harr Veterinary Clinic at (574) 277-6533. Protecting your dog from xylitol and other toxic substances is crucial for ensuring they lead a long, healthy, and happy life.