Cat Hypothermia: Causes, Signs and How to Help Your Pet

When temperatures drop, your cat may be more vulnerable to cold than you realize. While cats are known for their ability to adapt to various environments, they are not immune to the dangers of extreme cold. Hypothermia in cats is a serious condition that can occur when their body temperature drops below the normal range, leading to potential health risks. The team at Kryder + Harr Veterinary Clinic has experience diagnosing and treating hypothermia in cats, and we are here to help you prevent this condition from affecting your feline friend. 

What Are Common Causes of Hypothermia in Cats?

Hypothermia occurs when a cat’s body loses heat faster than it can produce it. Various factors can contribute to this dangerous drop in temperature, making it crucial to be aware of the potential risks.

Exposure to Cold Environments

Cats left outside during winter or those living in unheated spaces are particularly at risk. Even indoor cats can experience hypothermia if the home temperature is too low, or if they are exposed to drafts. Ensure your cat has access to warm, comfortable areas, especially when the temperature dips.

Wet Fur and Poor Insulation

When a cat’s fur is wet, its insulating properties are reduced, making it harder for the cat to retain body heat. This situation often occurs when a cat is caught in the rain or snow, or if they accidentally fall into water. Cats with shorter fur or those with health conditions that affect their fur density are also more susceptible to hypothermia due to poor insulation.

Age, Health, and Weight Factors

Kittens and elderly cats often have less body fat and may not regulate their body temperature as effectively as healthy adult cats. Additionally, cats with underlying health conditions, such as hypothyroidism or heart disease, are at a higher risk of developing hypothermia. Underweight cats also lack the necessary fat reserves to keep warm, making them more vulnerable in cold conditions.

How to Know Your Cat Has Hypothermia

Hypothermia can range from mild to severe, with symptoms that can escalate quickly if not addressed.

Mild Hypothermia

Mild hypothermia symptoms include:

• Shivering
• Lethargy
• A lack of coordination
• Seeking out warm places more often 
• Curling up tightly to conserve heat 

While these signs might seem minor, they are important indicators that your cat is struggling to maintain a normal body temperature.

Moderate to Severe Hypothermia

As hypothermia progresses, the symptoms become more pronounced and dangerous. In moderate to severe cases you might notice: 

• Shivering may stop as the body temperature drops
• Weakness
• Slowed breathing and a decreased heart rate 
• Unresponsiveness or disoriented 
• In severe cases, a coma 

Behavioral and Physical Changes

Apart from the physical symptoms, behavioral changes can also signal hypothermia. A normally active and playful cat may become unusually quiet or hide in secluded areas. Their fur may feel cold to the touch, and their ears, paws, and tail might be colder than usual. 

Caring for a Cat with Hypothermia

While it’s always best to seek veterinary care immediately, there are steps you can take at home to help stabilize your cat’s condition until you can get them to a vet.

• Move Your Cat to a Warm Environment: Move your cat to a warm, dry environment. If they are wet, gently towel-dry them, taking care not to rub too hard, which could damage their skin. Place your cat in a warm room, away from drafts, and provide them with soft blankets to lie on. You can also use a pet-safe heating pad or warm water bottles wrapped in towels to help raise their body temperature gradually.
• Monitor and Warm Your Cat Gradually: Warming a cat too quickly can lead to shock, so it’s important to do it gradually. Start by applying warmth to the core of their body—the abdomen, chest, and neck—rather than the extremities. You can use a hairdryer on the lowest setting, keeping it at a safe distance, or place warm, dry towels over your cat. Continuously monitor their temperature with a pet thermometer if possible, and avoid overheating.
• Hydration and Veterinary Care: Dehydration can exacerbate hypothermia, so encouraging your cat to drink small amounts of warm water or broth can be helpful. However, avoid forcing them to drink if they are unresponsive and seek veterinary care as soon as possible. Your vet can provide the necessary medical interventions, such as IV fluids and warming treatments, to stabilize your cat’s condition.

Protecting Your Cat From Hypothermia

There are several steps you can take to protect your cat from hypothermia, especially during colder months.

Keep Your Cat Indoors

Ensure your home is adequately heated and that your cat has access to warm bedding. If your cat enjoys being outside, consider limiting their time outdoors during winter or providing them with a well-insulated shelter.

Monitor Your Cat’s Health

Regular veterinary check-ups help detect and manage any health issues that could make your cat more susceptible to hypothermia. Pay attention to any changes in your cat’s behavior, weight, or coat condition, and address them with your vet. Keeping your cat at a healthy weight and ensuring they are well-groomed will also help them maintain their body temperature more effectively.

Provide Proper Nutrition

A well-balanced diet can help maintain your cat’s overall health and their ability to withstand cold temperatures. Cats with proper nutrition have better energy reserves and are more resilient against the effects of cold weather. Ensure your cat’s diet is rich in the nutrients they need to stay healthy and warm.

Helping Your Cat Stay Safe in Winter

Winter can be a challenging time for pets, but with the right precautions, you can help your cat stay safe and warm. Now that you understand the risks of hypothermia and can take proactive steps to prevent it, you can protect your cat from the dangers of cold weather. If your cat is suffering from hypothermia, contact Kryder + Harr Veterinary Clinic at (574) 277-6533. Our team is here to help ensure your cat stays healthy and comfortable, no matter the season.